Data Sources - Map Creator and Fact Sheets

Here is a comprehensive list of the data sources used for the Map Creator and the Fact Sheets of this website:

Socio-economic Data

Population: UN - United Nations, Population Division: The World Population Prospects: The 2006 Revision Population Database; Eurostat: Population and Social Conditions Database

Population growth: Own calculation based on population data.

Gross Domestic Product at constant US Dollars: The World Bank, Development Data Group: World Development Indicators 2007 Online

Gross Domestic Product growth : Own calculation based on GDP at constant US Dollars data.

Gross Domestic Product at Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) at current US Dollars: International Monetary Fund: World Economic Outlook Database

Gross Domestic Product per capita : Own calculation based on GDP at PPP at current US Dollars and population data.

Climate Policy Instruments

Renewable energy targets: IEA - International Energy Agency: Renewable Database Brazil (Brazil), Renewable Database South Africa (South Africa), Energy Policies of IEA Countries - Canada (Canada), Renewable Database Japan (Japan); German Federal Environment Ministry: personal communication and General Information - Renewable Energy (Germany); EC - European Commission: Energy for the Future: Renewable Sources of Energy, White Paper for a Communication Strategy and Action Plan (European Union); European Council: Presidency Conclusions, 8/9 March 2007 (European Union); European Council: Directive 2006/108/EC (European Union); REN21 (2006): Renewables Global Status Report. 2006 Update (China, India, Mexico, USA); EC - European Commission, Department-General for Energy and Transport, Energy Policy: France ? Renewable Energy Fact Sheet (France), Germany ? Renewable Energy Fact Sheet (Germany), Italy ? Renewable Energy Fact Sheet (Italy); United Kingdom ? Renewable Energy Fact Sheet (United Kingdom); Merle-Beral, Elena (2007), International Energy Agency: Russia Renewable Energy Markets and Policies: Key Trends (Russia); The Library of Congress: Energy Independence And Security Act of 2007 (USA).

Renewable energy subsidies: IEA - International Energy Agency: Global Renewable Energy Policies and Measures Database (All countries except European Union); EC - European Commission: Summaries of legislation, State aid for environmental protection (European Union); DSIRE - Database of State Incentives for Renewables & Efficiency: Federal Incentives for Renewables and Efficiency (USA); REN21: Renewables 2005. Global Status Report, Renewables Global Status Report. 2006 Update (all countries).

CO₂tax: OECD/EEA - Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development / European Environmental Agency: OECD/EEA database on instruments used for environmental policy and natural resources management (France, Germany, Italy, Japan, USA, United Kingdom); IEA - International Energy Agency: Global Renewable Energy Policies and Measures Database (Brazil, China, India, Russia). Gouvernement du Québec (2007) Le Québec et les changements climatiques [ (Canada).

Gasoline tax: GTZ - German Technical Cooperation, Division 44 - Environment and Infrastructure: International Fuel Prices 2005 - 4th Edition.

Diesel tax: GTZ - German Technical Cooperation, Division 44 - Environment and Infrastructure: International Fuel Prices 2005 - 4th Edition.

Energy efficiency standards: IEA - International Energy Agency: Energy Efficiency Policies and Measures Database (Canada, China, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, Russia, South Africa, USA, United Kingdom); EC - European Commission: SCADPlus. Action Plan for Energy Efficiency (2007?12) (European Union); Paulo de Tarso de Alexandria Cruz (2006), Ministry of Mines and Energy: Energy Efficiency in Brazil (Brazil); BEE - Bureau of Energy Efficiency: The Energy Conservation Act, 2001 (India); U.S. EERE - U.S. Department of Energy, Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy: North American Energy Efficiency Standards and Labeling (Mexico).

Automotive fuel-efficiency standards: An, Feng & Armanda Sauer (2004), Energy and Transportation Technologies LLC/World Resources Institute: Comparison of passenger vehicle fuel economy and greenhouse gas emission standards around the world (Canada, China, Mexico); ICCT (2007) - The International Council on Clean Transportation: Passenger Vehicle Greenhouse Gas and Fuel Economy Standards: A Global Update (EU, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, Russia, South Africa, UK, USA); The Library of Congress: Energy Independence And Security Act of 2007 (USA); EC - European Commission (2007): A Competitive Automotive Regulatory Framework for the 21st Century. COM(2007)22 final. (EU).

Kyoto Protocol

Kyoto ratification: UNFCCC - United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change: The Kyoto Protocol, Status of Ratification.

Kyoto target: UNFCCC - United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change: Countries included in Annex B to the Kyoto Protocol and their emissions targets; EC - European Commission: EU burden sharing agreements: European Commission Communication to the Council and the Parliament - COM(99)230: Preparing for Implementation of the Kyoto Protocol (European Union, target for EU-15).

Joint Implementation: UNEP - United Nations Environment Programme, Risoe Centre on Energy, Climate and Sustainable Development, Capacity Development for the Clean Development Mechanism: JI Pipeline Analyses.

Clean Development Mechanism: UNFCCC - United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change: CDM Registration.

Emissions trading: Government of British Columbia: B.C. joins Western Regional Climate Action Initiative, Government of Manitoba: Manitoba newest member of International Climate Change Initiative (Canada); EC - European Commission, Directorate-General for Environment: Climate Change, European Trading Scheme (European Union, France, Germany, Italy, United Kingdom); Western Climate Initiative: Western Regional Climate Action Initiative, RGGI - Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative: An initiative of the Northeast and Mid-Atlantic States of the U.S., U.S. EPA - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency: Climate Change, Greenhouse Gas Emissions, Energy CO₂ Emissions by State (USA); DEFRA - Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs: UK Emissions Trading Scheme (United Kingdom).

Greenhouse Gas Emissions

Greenhouse gas emissions*: UNFCCC - United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change: National Reports, GHG Inventories (Annex I), National Inventory Submissions (Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, Russia, United Kingdom, USA); Own calculation based on UNFCCC greenhouse gas emissions data (European Union); UNFCCC - United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change: GHG Emissions Data, Predefined Queries, WRI - World Resources Institute: Climate Analysis Indicators Tool (CAIT) (Brazil, China, India, Mexico, South Africa).

Greenhouse gas emissions (with LULUCF): UNFCCC - United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change: National Reports, GHG Inventories (Annex I), National Inventory Submissions (Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, Russia, United Kingdom, USA); Own calculation based on UNFCCC greenhouse gas emissions data (European Union); UNFCCC - United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change: GHG Emissions Data, Predefined Queries, WRI - World Resources Institute: Climate Analysis Indicators Tool (CAIT) (Brazil, China, India, Mexico, South Africa).

Greenhouse gas emissions* per capita: Own calculation based on greenhouse gas emissions data and population data.

Greenhouse gas emissions* per GDP: Own calculation based on greenhouse gas emissions data and GDP at constant US Dollars data.

Change in greenhouse gas emissions*: Own calculation based on greenhouse gas emissions data.

Greenhouse gas emissions* by sector: UNFCCC - United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change: National Reports, GHG Inventories (Annex I), National Inventory Submissions (Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, Russia, United Kingdom, USA); Own calculation based on UNFCCC greenhouse gas emissions data (European Union); UNFCCC - United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change: GHG Emissions Data, Predefined Queries, WRI - World Resources Institute: Climate Analysis Indicators Tool (CAIT) (Brazil, China, India, Mexico, South Africa).

CO₂ emissions*: UNFCCC - United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change: National Reports, GHG Inventories (Annex I), National Inventory Submissions (Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, Russia, United Kingdom, USA); Own calculation based on UNFCCC greenhouse gas emissions data (European Union); UNFCCC - United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change: GHG Emissions Data, Predefined Queries, WRI - World Resources Institute: Climate Analysis Indicators Tool (CAIT) (Brazil, China, India, Mexico, South Africa).

CO₂ emissions* per capita: Own calculation based on CO₂ emissions data and population data.

CO₂ emissions* per GDP: Own calculation based on CO₂ emissions data and GDP at constant US Dollars data.

Change in CO₂ emissions* per GDP: Own calculation based on CO₂ emissions data.

* does not include Land Use, Land Use Change and Forestry (LULUCF)

Energy Consumption

Total primary energy consumption: EIA - Energy Information Administration: International Energy Annual 2005.

Change in total primary energy consumption: Own calculation based on primary energy consumption data.

Total primary energy consumption per capita: Own calculation based on primary energy consumption data and population data.

Primary energy consumption by source: EIA - Energy Information Administration: International Energy Annual 2005.

Primary renewable energy consumption: EIA - Energy Information Administration: International Energy Annual 2005.

Change in primary renewable energy consumption: Own calculation based on primary renewable energy consumption data.

Biofuel Production

Bioethanol production: F.O.Licht.

Biodiesel production: F.O.Licht.